Naloxone

Naloxone

Class:Antidote

Mechanism of action

Pure opioid antagonist that competes and displaces narcotics at opioid receptor sites.

Indications

Naloxone is indicated for the reverses CNS and respiratory depressant effects of fentanyl and meperidine during IV conscious state.Complete or partial reversal of opioid depression,including respiratory depression,induced by natural or synthetic opioids,including propoxyphene,methadone, and certain mixed agonist-antagonist analgesics:nalbuphine,pentazocine,and butorphanol.Diagnosis of suspected opioid tolerance or acute opioid overdose.adjunctive agent to increase blood pressure in the management of septic shock.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to naloxone or any component.

Precautions

Due to an association between naloxone and acute pulmonary edema,use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or in patients receiving medications with potential adverse cardiovascular effects(e.g,hypotension,pulmonary edema or arrhythmias).Excessive dosage should be avoided after use of opiates in surgery.

Side effects

Hypertension,hypotension,tachycardia,ventricular arrhythmias,cardiac arrest,irritability,narcotic withdrawl,anxiety,restlessness,seizures,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,tremulousness.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy risk factor B.

Dosage

Adults:0.4-2mg IV,IM,or SC,every 2-3 minutes.Children:neonates:10mcg/kg by IV,IM or SC.

Brands

Inj.Nalox 0.4mg/ml.Inj.Naloxone 0.4mg.