Nalbuphine

Nalbuphine

Class:Narcotic Aalgesic

Mechanism of action

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS,causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways,altering the perception of and response to pain;produces generalized CNS depression.

Pharmacokinetics

Peak effect:IM:30 minutes;IV:1-3 minutes.Metabolism:in the liver.Half life:3.5-5 hours.Excretion:Metabolites excreted primarily in feces(via bile) and in urine.

Indications

Relief of moderate to severe pain;preoperative analgesia,postoperative and surgical anesthesia and obstetrical analgesia during labour and delivery.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to nalbuphine or any component including sulfites.

Precautions

Use with caution in patients with recent myocardial infarction,biliary tract surgery,or sulfite sensitivity;may produce respiratory depression;use with caution in women delivering premature infants;use with caution in patients with a history of drug dependence,head trauma or increased intracranial pressure,decreased hepatic or renal function,or pregnancy;tolerance or drug dependence may result from extended use.

Side effects

Drowsiness,CNS depression ,narcotic withdrawal,histamine release,hypotension,flushing,dizziness,headache,urticaria,rash,nausea,vomiting,anorexia,xerostomia,weakness,pulmonary edema.

Drug interaction

Increased toxicity:barbiturate anesthetics may increase CNS deoression.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy risk factor B/D(if used for prolonged periods or in high doses at term)

Dosage

IM,IV,SC:Adult:10mg/70kg every 3-6 hours;maximum single dose:20mg;maximum daily dose:160mg.Dosing adjustment/comments in hepatic impairment:Use with caution and reduce dose.

Brands

Inj.Nalbin 10,20mg.Inj.Kinz.